Another busy year for clinical research has come and gone. What are the most important findings from 2019? Here is our overview of some of the most noteworthy studies of the year.What happened in medical research in 2019? In this special feature, we summarize this year’s top findings. “Medicine is of all the Arts the most noble,” wrote the Ancient Greek physician Hippocrates — whom historians call the “father of medicine” — over 2,000 years ago. Advances in therapeutic practices have been helping people cure and manage illness since before the time of Hippocrates, and, today, researchers continue to look for ways of eradicating diseases and improving our well-being and quality of life.Each year, specialists in all areas of medical research conduct new studies and clinical trials that bring us a better understanding of what keeps us happy and in good health, and what factors have the opposite effect. And, ...
Vaccines are a central player in our fight against infectious diseases. What components are commonly found in vaccines, and what is their purpose? In this Special Feature article, we find out. Why do some vaccines have a long list of components? Many people will be familiar with the concept that a vaccine against a particular virus will contain a small amount of the pathogen or a part of it, at least. When we receive the vaccine, the viral interloper triggers our immune system to launch a series of events that leave us protected against the pathogen in the future. But a glance at the ingredients in common vaccines reveals a long list of other components, the roles of which might not seem so clear cut. What is the purpose of the likes of gelatin, thimerosal, and Polysorbate 80? And why do some vaccines contain aluminum? In this Special Feature article, ...
Source:https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327291.php#1 Using mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease, researchers have been looking into a new approach to slow down the progression of this neurodegenerative disease — a ketone ester-rich diet.Could a new therapeutic approach help slow down Alzheimer’s disease? Researchers from the NIH investigate.To get the energy it needs to function correctly, the body usually relies on glucose (a simple sugar), which results from the digestion of carbohydrates. When there is not enough glucose to rely on, the body will burn fat instead. This is a process called ketosis, and it is the principle that ketogenic — or keto — diets rely on.Keto diets are typically low in carbohydrates and high in fats, and this imbalance in resources produces ketosis. But there is also another way of inducing ketosis that does not involve making this dietary shift. It involves taking supplements containing ketone ester, which have the same effect. Researchers have ...
Source:https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327296.php Using a new type of genetic engineering tool called epigenome editing in mice, scientists have restored irregularities in the developing brain that arise from a gene mutation. New research in mice suggests that gene editing could prevent brain developmental disorders.Epigenome editing is a way of altering the expression, or reading, of genes without altering their underlying DNA code. A team from Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, MD, led the Nature Communications study that focuses on the protein C11orf46. One of the study’s corresponding authors is Dr. Atsushi Kamiya, who is an associate professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. In humans, mutations in the section of DNA that contains the C11orf46 gene can lead to WAGR syndrome, a genetic condition that can cause intellectual disability and impair many systems of the body. The researchers found that C11orf46 directs the development of the corpus ...
Source: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327186.php Results of a new study in mice suggest that the body may be able to defeat the influenza virus if a person has the right sort of diet — a ketogenic, or keto, diet. Infection with the influenza virus, better known as the flu, has accounted for 12,000–61,000Trusted Source deaths every year since 2010 in the United States, with an annual economic burden of $87.1 billionTrusted Source. The introduction of the flu vaccine has greatly improved infection and morbidity rates. However, there is still currently no cure for the illness. Healthcare professionals and scientists alike are continuing the search for novel therapeutics to combat the flu, yet the key may lie within the body’s own immune system. Moreover, it may be activated by the keto diet. Following the keto diet involves eating foods that are high in fat and low in carbohydrates. Meals tend to consist of ...
Source : https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327192.php#1 Medical news today New research finds that over a period of 17 years, people in the United States increased their use of natural psychoactive substances, believing them to be safe. This has led to many reports of adverse symptoms in adults and children alike.People have been using natural psychoactive substances for hundreds or even thousands, of years in traditional medicine and as a part of spiritual practices. Because these substances come from sources such as plants and mushrooms, many people believe them to be safe to use.However, because they interfere with biological processes in the central nervous system, they can be a threat to human health. These interferences can also cause euphoria and altered states of consciousness. The Center for Injury Research and Policy at the Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital in Columbus, OH, collaborated with the Ohio State University College of Medicine, also in Columbus, to ...
Nov.19 2019 source: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326967.php#1 Medical News Today Previously, scientists have linked the presence of human papillomavirus to an increased risk of certain cancers. In a surprising twist, the latest research finds that the virus might help defend against skin cancer. There are more than 100Trusted Source strains of human papillomavirus (HPV), only a handful of which experts consider to be a risk to human health. Scientists have linked these strains with an increased risk of certain cancers, including those of the cervix, vulva, penis, and anus. Of the remaining strains of HPV, many are little more than harmless stowaways on our skin. These so-called commensal viruses are the subject of scrutiny for a group of researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. The scientists recently published a paper in NatureTrusted Source, which concludes that immunity to these HPV strains may protect against skin cancer.
Source : Medical News Today https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles Previously, scientists have linked the presence of human papillomavirus to an increased risk of certain cancers. In a surprising twist, the latest research finds that the virus might help defend against skin cancer. There are more than 100Trusted Source strains of human papillomavirus (HPV), only a handful of which experts consider to be a risk to human health.Scientists have linked these strains with an increased risk of certain cancers, including those of the cervix, vulva, penis, and anus.Of the remaining strains of HPV, many are little more than harmless stowaways on our skin.These so-called commensal viruses are the subject of scrutiny for a group of researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.The scientists recently published a paper in NatureTrusted Source, which concludes that immunity to these HPV strains may protect against skin cancer.
AstraZeneca today announced that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Orphan Drug Designation (ODD) to Fasenra (benralizumab) for the treatment of eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE). EoE is a rare, chronic, inflammatory disease that occurs when eosinophils, a type of white blood cell, accumulate in the oesophagus causing injury and inflammation. The FDA grants ODD status to medicines and potential new medicines intended for the treatment, diagnosis or prevention of rare diseases or disorders that affect fewer than 200,000 people in the US. About Fasenra Fasenra (benralizumab) is a monoclonal antibody that binds directly to the IL-5 receptor alpha on eosinophils and attracts natural killer cells to induce rapid and near-complete depletion of eosinophils via apoptosis (programmed cell death). Fasenra is AstraZeneca’s first respiratory biologic, now approved as an add-on maintenance treatment in severe eosinophilic asthma in the US, EU, Japan and other countries, with further regulatory reviews ongoing. In June 2019, the European Medicines ...
By Anna Smith A new study in the BMJ has identified two new drugs, mAb114 and REGN-EB3, that can dramatically cut mortality from Ebola, and both are being immediately offered to all patients in an effort to control the Democratic Republic of Congo’s (DRC) worst-ever outbreak. The trial initially compared four potential treatments proposed by four different companies: ZMapp, remdesivir, mAb114, and REGN-EB3, and preliminary data convinced the trial’s monitoring board to stop the study and randomize all remaining patients to either mAb114 or REGN-EB3. Data from the first 499 patients showed that REGN-EB3 had met early stopping criteria, and mAb114 was ‘not far behind’. Among all patients who took the drugs, those treated with REGN-EB3 had a mortality rate of 29%, while those who got mAb-114 had a mortality rate of 34%. Both drugs are monoclonal antibodies, proteins that bind to other proteins on the outer shell of the Ebola ...
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