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UK government signs contract for first coronavirus human challenge studies

By Mick Krever and Phil Black, CNN Updated 4:26 AM ET, Tue October 20, 2020 Why she is volunteering to get infected with Covid-19 03:26 London (CNN) The UK government has signed a contract for the first human challenge studies for the novel coronavirus, in which healthy volunteers are deliberately infected with the virus in a controlled setting, and some receive an experimental vaccine. Up to 19 volunteers at a time will take part in the tests, to be held at the Royal Free Hospital in London, which houses a Biosafety Level 3 ward. They will be run by hVIVO, a medical research company that specializes in running challenge trials, in partnership with Imperial College London. These clinical trials will be a little different from most. For the current Covid-19 vaccine candidates that are in Phase 3 — the final stage of testing — tens of thousands of volunteers are given an experimental ...
- Source: drugdu
- 284
- October 22, 2020
CORONAVIRUS coronavirus vaccine
Will COVID-19 Get Worse in the Winter?

BY ELIZABETH HANES, BSN, RN OCTOBER 19, 2020 As you stock up your medicine cabinet for the traditional winter “cold and flu season,” you may find yourself wondering if COVID-19 will get worse this winter, too. Probably, yes. As I keep saying, there’s a lot we don’t know about how this virus behaves. But we do know a combination of factors — including human behavior — could lead to a spike of COVID-19 cases throughout the winter months. First, thanks to cold weather, people will get pushed indoors. We know the virus spreads more easily indoors than outdoors, where wind can disperse and blow away the viral particles. So if people decide to beat “quarantine fatigue” by engaging in more indoor activities — like entertaining friends at home or dining out or gathering for the holidays — then we could see a surge of COVID-19 cases. Second, the onset of cold and flu season means more people will ...
- Source: drugdu
- 611
- October 21, 2020
Covid-19 SARS-CoV-2
Remdesivir Doesn’t Reduce COVID-19 Patients’ Risk of Death Study

MONDAY, Oct. 19, 2020 (HealthDay News) — The antiviral drug remdesivir doesn’t reduce COVID-19 patients’ risk of death, a new study says. The World Health Organization-sponsored study of the drug — the only antiviral authorized for treatment of COVID-19 in the United States –included more than 11,000 people in 30 countries, The New York Times reported. The findings were posted online on Thursday, but have not yet been peer-reviewed or published in a scientific journal. “This puts the issue to rest — there is certainly no mortality benefit,” Dr. Ilan Schwartz, an infectious-disease physician at the University of Alberta in Canada, told The Times. However, another infectious-disease expert expressed caution about the findings. A large trial like this that’s conducted in numerous countries with different health care systems can result in inconsistent treatment protocols whose effects can be difficult to analyze, Dr. Peter Chin-Hong, University of California, San Francisco, told ...
- Source: drugdu
- 361
- October 20, 2020
Covid-19
Russia approves a second vaccine

Last month, Russia announced the approval of a COVID-19 vaccine called Sputnik V. This week, President Vladimir Putin announced the approval of a second vaccine, called EpiVacCorona. As with the first, scientists have not yet tested this vaccine in phase 3 trials. The vaccine was developed by scientists at the State Virology and Biotechnology Center, known as Vektor, in Novosibirsk. According to The Moscow Times: “Early trials on 100 volunteers were said to have been successful.” In a televised news conference, Putin explained that researchers had given the vaccine to Deputy Prime Minister Tatyana Golikova and the head of Russia’s consumer safety watchdog, Anna Popova, as part of ongoing trials. During the briefing, they explained that: “Early trials on 100 volunteers were said to have been successful.” As with Sputnik V, experts are likely to view the new vaccine with skepticism. Vaccines must be rigorously investigated before they can be used widely, and ...
- Source: drugdu
- 382
- October 19, 2020
Covid
AI-Enhanced Ultrasound Shortens Scan Time and Improves Efficiency

By MedImaging International staff writers Posted on 14 Oct 2020 Image: Novel AI algorithms power the Voluson SWIFT OB/GYN ultrasound scanner (Photo courtesy of GE Healthcare) A new OB/GYN ultrasound scanner includes artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms that support auto-recognition, high image quality, and efficiency features. The GE Healthcare (GE; Little Chalfont, United Kingdom) Voluson SWIFT ultrasound system includes an embedded AI platform that features SonoLyst, a fully integrated AI tool with a suite of image recognition tools that automatically identify fetal anatomy in over 20 standard views. A scan assistant tool reduces patient scan times by 45% through simplified workflow and personal protocol customization. SonoBiometry measurements, which are 38% faster than in previous platforms, add three measurements that increase system automation by 60%; Additional features include SonoCNS, part of GE’s Edison intelligence platform, that reduces keystrokes for capturing fetal central nervous system (CNS) planes and measurements by 78%; Tricefy, ...
- Source: drugdu
- 195
- October 16, 2020
Blocking Immune System Pathway Could Stop COVID-19 Infection, Finds Study

By HospiMedica International staff writers Posted on 14 Oct 2020 Image: Colorized scanning electron micrograph of a cell (purple) heavily infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus particles (yellow) (Photo courtesy of National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health) A recent study has shown that blocking a specific protein in a biological pathway may prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and keep the virus from misdirecting the immune system against healthy cells and organs. While the world waits eagerly for a safe and effective vaccine to prevent infections from SARS-CoV-2, the virus behind the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers also are focusing on better understanding how SARS-CoV-2 attacks the body in the search for other means of stopping its devastating impact. The key to one possibility – blocking a protein that enables the virus to turn the immune system against healthy cells – has been identified in a recent study by ...
- Source: drugdu
- 301
- October 15, 2020
86 percent of the UK’s COVID-19 patients have no symptoms

Now, a new study by researchers at the University College London revealed that 86 percent of people who tested positive for COVID-19 did not have virus symptoms, such as cough, fever, and loss of taste or smell. The study findings, collected by the Office for National Statistics, the U.K. statistics body, highlight the role of asymptomatic patients in the spread of the virus. The study, published in the journal Clinical Epidemiology, utilized data from the Coronavirus Infection Survey, an extensive population-based survey looking at the link between coronavirus symptoms and test results. Over 36,000 people living in Northern Ireland, England, and Wales were included in the study, who were tested from April to June. Of the total participants, 0.32 percent of 115 people had a positive test result. From there, the team focused on these individuals to determine specific symptoms. Of the 115 people who tested positive with SARS-CoV-2, 16 ...
- Source: drugdu
- 288
- October 14, 2020
Covid-19
Contact Tracing Apps Alone Cannot Stop COVID-19 Spread

By HospiMedica International staff writers Posted on 31 Aug 2020 Contract tracing apps used to reduce the spread of COVID-19 are unlikely to be effective without proper uptake and support from concurrent control measures, according to a new study. Researchers at University College London (UCL, United Kingdom) conducted a systematic review of studies that examined the use of automated or partly automated contact tracing of COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), influenza, or Ebola virus spread. The primary outcomes were the number or proportion of subsequent contacts identified; secondary outcomes included indicators of outbreak control, uptake, resource use, cost-effectiveness, and lessons learnt. In all, 4,033 papers were reviewed, of which 15 were identified with useful data. The results showed no empirical evidence of the effectiveness of automated contact tracing. Four of the seven studies suggested that to control COVID-19, high population uptake of automated contact-tracing ...
- Source: https://www.hospimedica.com/critical-care/articles/294784230/contact-tracing-apps-alone-cannot-stop-covid-19-spread.html
- 352
- September 9, 2020
New Antiviral COVID-19 Treatment to Be Used as Nasal Spray Could Be Made Available Over the Counter

By HospiMedica International staff writers Posted on 08 Sep 2020 An antiviral treatment to be used as a topical nasal spray as prophylaxis against COVID-19 promises to be easy to use, low-cost and quickly made available over-the-counter for consumers. The Nomovid Nasal Spray developed by Parnell Pharmaceuticals (San Rafael, CA, USA) is based upon a substance licensed by the company from New Mexico Tech University to treat drug-resistant bacteria and fungi such as MRSA and Candida auris. Since it breaks down lipids in the viral envelope, Parnell tested it against the novel coronavirus. “An independent, outside laboratory has confirmed our findings and found it to be greater than 99.9% effective in vitro against the SARS-CoV-2 virus,” said Dr. Francis Parnell, Chairman and CEO of Parnell Pharmaceuticals. “Our product is based upon existing FDA approvals of the active ingredients for use in intravenous and inhalation formulations for other indications. Since the ...
- Source: https://www.hospimedica.com/covid-19/articles/294784405/new-antiviral-covid-19-treatment-to-be-used-as-nasal-spray-could-be-made-available-over-the-counter.html
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- September 9, 2020
Natural COVID-19 Infection Produces Robust T Cell Response and Memory to Fight Future Infections, Finds Study

By HospiMedica International staff writers Posted on 08 Sep 2020 Researchers from the University of Oxford (Oxford, UK) have found that natural infection with COVID-19 produces a robust T cell response, including inducing T cell ‘memory’ to potentially fight future infections. While research has shown that COVID-19 induces a B cell antibody response, it has been less clear whether COVID-19 causes the immune system to make virus-specific T cells too, and whether they are important for recovery from the initial infection, and protection against new infections. While antibodies latch onto and destroy disease-causing agents like viruses and bacteria, T cells latch on to diseased cells within the body, such as tumor cells or virus-infected cells. T-cells also help attract other immune cells to the area. T cells are attracted to tumor or viral protein fragments (called epitopes) displayed on the surface of diseased cells, which act like waving a flag ...
- Source: https://www.hospimedica.com/covid-19/articles/294784403/natural-covid-19-infection-produces-robust-t-cell-response-and-memory-to-fight-future-infections-finds-study.html
- 244
- September 9, 2020

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