The NHS has announced that thousands of people will benefit from the extension of ‘COVID-friendly’ cancer treatments which can be taken at home. Since April, approximately 8,000 people have benefitted from treatment swaps, to enable cancer treatment to continue during the COVID-19 pandemic, with over 250,000 people beginning treatment for cancer since the start of the pandemic. The NHS will continue to fund effective and ‘less risky treatment[s]’ for patients during the pandemic, with access to these drugs now extended until summer and potentially continuing until the end of March 2022. Among the options available are targeted hormone therapies such as enzalutamide (Xtandi; Astellas/Pfizer) for prostate cancer and broadened use of lenalidomide (Revlimid; Bristol Myers Squibb) for myeloma. Some ovarian cancer patients will also be able to receive trametinib (Mekinist; Novartis) as a tablet alternative to chemotherapy, to help reduce the impact on their immune systems. “Cancer has been a priority throughout ...
The UK’s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has recommended selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) for the treatment of advanced liver cancer in final draft guidance. NICE’s draft guidance recommends the use of SIR-Spheres – made by SIRTEX – and TheraSphere – made by Boston Scientific – for treating advanced liver cancer that can’t be removed surgically and when transarterial therapy is not appropriate. The recommendation also specifies that these two therapies should only be considered for people with Child-Pugh grade A liver impairment. Despite limited clinical trial data for SIRTs compared with other treatment options, NICE’s appraisal committee concluded that SIRT may have fewer and more manageable side effects compared to systemic therapy sorafenib. Although SIR-Spheres and TheraSphere are slightly less clinically effective than sorafenib, they cost less. The cost savings mean that these two therapies can be recommended as cost-effective options for people with Child-Pugh grade ...
MSD’s immunotherapy Keytruda (pembrolizumab) has been approved in the EU for the first-line treatment of metastatic Microsatellite Instability-High (MSI-H) or Mismatch Repair Deficient (dMMR) colorectal cancer. According to MSD, Keytruda is the first checkpoint inhibitor to be approved in the EU to treat MSI-H or dMMR colorectal cancer. The European Commission (EC) approval is based on results from the Phase III KEYNOTE-177 trail. In this study, Keytruda monotherapy significantly reduced the risk of disease progression or death by 40% compared to chemotherapy in this patient population. Treatment with Keytruda also more than doubled median progression-free survival (PFS) compared to chemotherapy – 16.5 months versus 8.2 months. For patients treated with Keytruda, the overall response rate (ORR) was 44%, with a complete response rate of 11% and a partial response rate of 33%. Meanwhile, in the chemotherapy arm, patients demonstrated an ORR of 33%, a complete response rate of 4% and ...
Cancer Research UK (CRUK) researchers have developed a new treatment for early-stage rectal cancer which they say could provide patients with an improved quality of life. In a pilot study of the new treatment option, which combines local keyhole surgery and radiotherapy, researchers found that they could prevent debilitating side effects such as diarrhoea and the need for a permanent colostomy bag. This study, dubbed TREC, enrolled 123 patients with early-stage rectal cancer, with 61 patients receiving the newly-developed treatment approach. In addition, 55 patients were randomised to two treatment approaches – 28 received major surgery and 27 received the new organ preserving treatment. Within the patient population who received the new treatment, 70% were treated successfully, meaning their tumour was removed while preserving the rest of their rectum and the cancer did not return during the three to five-year follow-up period. Patients who received the new treatment also reported ...
4th December 2020 Roche’s Genentech division and its partner Blueprint Medicines have scored a new approval for Gavreto in the US for the treatment of RET-altered thyroid cancer. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has cleared Gavreto (pralsetinib) for the treatment of adult and paediatric patients with advanced or metastatic RET-mutant and RET fusion-positive thyroid cancer. Gavreto is a once-daily, oral precision therapy designed to selectively target RET alterations, including fusions and mutations. This newest approval is based on results from the phase I/II ARROW study, in which treatment with Gavreto led to an overall response rate (ORR) of 60% in 55 people with previously-treated RET-mutant metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). In addition, Gavreto treatment led to an ORR of 66% in 29 people with RET-mutant advanced MTC who had not been previously treated with cabozantinib and vandetanib. Around 10-20% of people with papillary thyroid cancer have RET-fusion positive ...
Henan Provincial People’s Hospital Zheng Peiming, Gao Huijie, Li Junmeng, et al. select macrophages and their exosomes to co-culture with gastric cancer cells (not set as a control group) to detect the expression of miR-223 and observe its influence on the metastatic ability of gastric cancer cells. Fluorescence microscope was used to observe whether macrophages delivered miR-223 to gastric cancer cells through exosomes. Macrophages were transfected with miR-223 antagonist, exosomes were isolated and co-cultured with gastric cancer cells, transwell and scratch experiments were performed to observe their effects on gastric cancer cell metastasis, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot detection on expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTEN) and of transfer-related proteins. The results showed that after macrophages and their exosomes were co-cultured with gastric cancer cells, the metastasis and invasion ability of gastric cancer cells was enhanced [253.2±6.3 (control group), 451.8±12.8, 453.4±14.4, all P<0.01 compared with control group ...
Only HER2-directed medicine to demonstrate significant improvement in overall survival compared to chemotherapy for previously treated patients in this setting AstraZeneca and Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited (Daiichi Sankyo)’s Enhertu (trastuzumab deruxtecan) has received acceptance for its supplemental Biologics License Application (sBLA) and has also been granted Priority Review in the US for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) grants Priority Review to applications for medicines that offer significant advances over available options by demonstrating safety or efficacy improvements, preventing serious conditions, or enhancing patient compliance. The Prescription Drug User Fee Act date, the FDA action date for their regulatory decision, will be during the first quarter of 2021. There are more than 27,000 new cases of gastric cancer in the US each year, of which approximately one in five are HER2 positive.1,2 For patients with metastatic gastric cancer who progress ...
by Institute of Cancer Research Scientists have revealed details of the discovery of a new cancer drug that could be used to treat a range of cancer types, including some blood cancers and solid tumors. The drug, called fadraciclib, was jointly discovered by scientists at The Institute of Cancer Research, London, in collaboration with the company Cyclacel. It is already being tested in early clinical trials targeting select hematological malignancies and solid tumors. In a new publication in the journal PLOS One, a team of scientists from Cyclacel and the Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) describe the discovery of fadraciclib, formerly known as CYC065, and describe its mechanism of action and therapeutic properties. Fadraciclib is a leading dual inhibitor of two cancer-driving proteins from the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) family, CDK2 and CDK9. CDK2/9 inhibitor It was designed by improving the chemical ...
Nov.19 2019 source: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326967.php#1 Medical News Today Previously, scientists have linked the presence of human papillomavirus to an increased risk of certain cancers. In a surprising twist, the latest research finds that the virus might help defend against skin cancer. There are more than 100Trusted Source strains of human papillomavirus (HPV), only a handful of which experts consider to be a risk to human health. Scientists have linked these strains with an increased risk of certain cancers, including those of the cervix, vulva, penis, and anus. Of the remaining strains of HPV, many are little more than harmless stowaways on our skin. These so-called commensal viruses are the subject of scrutiny for a group of researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. The scientists recently published a paper in NatureTrusted Source, which concludes that immunity to these HPV strains may protect against skin cancer.
Source : Medical News Today https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles Previously, scientists have linked the presence of human papillomavirus to an increased risk of certain cancers. In a surprising twist, the latest research finds that the virus might help defend against skin cancer. There are more than 100Trusted Source strains of human papillomavirus (HPV), only a handful of which experts consider to be a risk to human health.Scientists have linked these strains with an increased risk of certain cancers, including those of the cervix, vulva, penis, and anus.Of the remaining strains of HPV, many are little more than harmless stowaways on our skin.These so-called commensal viruses are the subject of scrutiny for a group of researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.The scientists recently published a paper in NatureTrusted Source, which concludes that immunity to these HPV strains may protect against skin cancer.
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