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How a virus causes chromosomal breakage, leading to cancer

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is easily spread through bodily fluids, primarily saliva, such as kissing, shared drinks or using the same eating utensils. Not surprisingly then, EBV is also among the most ubiquitous of viruses: More than 90% of the world’s population has been infected, usually during childhood. EBV causes infectious mononucleosis and similar ailments, though often there are no symptoms. Most infections are mild and pass, but the virus persists in the body, becoming latent or inactive, sometimes reactivating. Long-term latent infections are associated with several chronic inflammatory conditions and multiple cancers. In a new paper, published April 12, 2023 in the journal Nature, researchers at University of California San Diego, UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center and Ludwig Cancer Research at UC San Diego, describe for the first time how the virus exploits genomic weaknesses to cause cancer while reducing the body’s ability to suppress it. These findings show ...
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Study unveils neural processes underpinning the re-emergence of consciousness after anesthesia

Before undergoing surgeries and other invasive medical procedures, patients typically undergo anesthesia. Anesthesia consists in giving patients a class of drugs (i.e., anesthetics) that cause them to lose feeling in specific areas of the body (i.e., local anesthesia) or fully lose awareness during a procedure (i.e., general anesthesia). These anesthetics can be administered to patients via injection, inhalation, skin-numbing lotions, and other means. In the past, doctors and medical researchers viewed general anesthesia as a passive process that could not be influenced or interrupted once anesthetic drugs were administered. More recently, however, studies showed that it is in fact an active brain process that can be experimentally controlled and acted on. A research team at the Southern University of Science and Technology in China recently carried out a study investigating the processes underpinning brain states while under general anesthesia and those associated with the subsequent re-emergence of awareness. Their findings, published in Nature Neuroscience, highlight possible strategies that could help anesthesiologists to extend ...
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How AI and a mobile phone app could help you quit smoking

A stop-smoking mobile app that senses where and when you might be triggered to light up could help you quit, according to University of East Anglia research. Quit Sense is the world’s first Artificial Intelligence (AI) stop smoking app that detects when people are entering a location where they used to smoke. It then provides support to help manage people’s specific smoking triggers in that location. A study published today shows how the new app helped more smokers to quit than people who were only offered online NHS support. The research team hopes that by helping people manage trigger situations, the new app will help more smokers to quit. The work is published in Nicotine and Tobacco Research. Lead researcher Prof Felix Naughton, from UEA’s School of Health Sciences, said, “We know that quit attempts often fail because urges to smoke are triggered by spending time ...
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Sexually transmitted infections jumped by 7% in 2021, according to the CDC

More than 2.5 million cases of sexually transmitted infections were reported in 2021, jumping by 7% in one year, according to new data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “The US STI epidemic shows no signs of slowing,” said Dr. Leandro Mena, director of the CDC’s Division of STD Prevention. Chlamydia accounted for more than half of the reported cases, with rates increasing about 4% in 2021. Cases of gonorrhea rose nearly 5%. Cases of syphilis surged 32% in one year, including an alarming rise in infections passed from pregnant mothers to babies developing in the womb. In 2021, congenital syphilis caused 220 stillbirths and infant deaths. “The most important thing to remember is that congenital syphilis is 100% preventable,” Mena said. “In many ways, it is the result of our failure to prevent syphilis among women of reproductive age and their partners.” ...
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After telegraphing layoffs last month, J&J secures $14M sale of consumer health plant in Pennsylvania

After decades under Johnson & Johnson, a massive plant that once cranked out over-the-counter mainstays like Pepcid and Imodium is poised to hit the market. The plant handover comes after last month’s news that Johnson & Johnson would cut 57 positions at the Lancaster County facility, as detailed in a local Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act notice. High Properties acquired J&J’s Greenfield, Pennsylvania, consumer health facility for $14 million, local news outlet Lancaster Online first reported. Fierce Pharma has viewed a copy of the deed confirming the sale, which went through in late March. J&J and High Properties did not immediately respond to Fierce Pharma’s request for comment on the matter. Reference： https://deal.town/questex/041223-takeda-hit-with-another-pay-for-delay-lawsuit-after-layoff-warning-jandj-inks-14m-plant-sale-F34YGQUSL
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Spherix

U.S. neurologists are “cautiously optimistic” about using Eisai’s Leqembi in Alzheimer’s disease as concerns about safety and the need for the FDA’s full green light for the drug remain high barriers to uptake. That’s according to a new survey and report out by drug launch analyst Spherix Global Insights, which in March asked 73 neurologists working in the U.S. about their use and receptivity of Leqembi, which was partially approved by the FDA at the start of the year. Now launched, the drug finds itself at a strange junction. It still does not have a full FDA approval; that isn’t set to come until early July. While there is another new drug on the market for Alzheimer’s—namely Aduhelm, which Eisai helped create with Biogen—that drug is commercially dead in the water. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) refused to cover payments of Aduhelm, which was ...
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These 3D-printed masks could greatly help pediatric burn patients

April 11, 2023 By Jim Hammerand Leave a Comment FacebookTwitterLinkedIn分享 Burn patients wear the masks on their face to heal scars and prevent complications. “I almost prefer to have the mask on,” said patient Laura Weibel (pictured on the left). [Photo courtesy of Formlabs] 3D-printed masks are removing a traumatic part of treatment for children recovering from severe burns. At Romans Ferrari pediatric rehabilitation center in France, a child with facial burns previously would need to sit motionless for a plaster cast of their face to make a mask for treatment. The masks compress the skin to help scars heal without complications, but the heat from warm plaster bandages can make young burn victims uncomfortable — or worse. “It required the patients to be motionless for the duration of the plaster cast that lasts about half an hour, which can be difficult, especially for children, and could reactivate symptoms of post-traumatic stress ...
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This technology could enable time-released drug delivery

April 13, 2023 By Sean Whooley Leave a Comment FacebookTwitterLinkedIn分享 Rice University Ph.D. student Tyler Graf holds a microscope slide. It holds an array of more than 300 tiny biodegradable particles. These can be used for time-released drug delivery. (Photo by Brandon Martin/Rice University) Bioengineers at Rice University developed a new technology for delivering drugs in a time-releasing manner. Kevin McHugh, corresponding author of a study about the technology, believes this could make missing doses of medicines and vaccines a thing of the past. McHugh and the Rice team saw their work published online in Advanced Materials. According to McHugh and graduate student Tyler Graf, encapsulating medicine in microparticles that dissolve and release drugs over time isn’t new. However, they believe their method — using 21st century methods to develop next-level encapsulation technology —offers more versatility in medication delivery. “This is a huge problem in the treatment of chronic disease,” McHugh said in a post ...
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Appeals court rules abortion drug can stay on market — but limits access

A three-judge panel decided mifepristone’s FDA approval shouldn’t be revoked, but its decision could still make the drug much harder to obtain. An appellate court has blocked a ruling that would have suspended the approval of a decades-old abortion pill, but decided the medicine should only stay on the market with strict limitations. The 2-1 decision from the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit upholds the Food and Drug Administration’s 2000 approval of mifepristone, a medicine used in more than half of all U.S. abortions and to treat miscarriages. But the panel also unwound long-running efforts by the regulator to expand access to mifepristone in recent years. Since 2016, the FDA has enabled the drug to be used through ten weeks of gestation, instead of seven. The agency has also allowed the medication to be delivered by mail and prescribed through a teleheath visit, rather than ...
- Source: drugdu
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Chiesi Farmaceutici acquires biopharmaceutical firm Amryt Pharma

Chiesi Farmaceutici has completed the previously announced acquisition of global, commercial-stage biopharmaceutical company Amryt Pharma. The definitive agreement between the companies was initially signed in January this year. The total deal value at close is nearly $1.2bn in upfront consideration and contingent value rights (CVRs) representing an additional potential consideration of around $225m. Chiesi Global Rare Diseases head Giacomo Chiesi said: “Amryt has unique and clinically differentiated products and additional promising drugs in its pipeline, and, as a benefit corporation certified B Corp, Chiesi has a patient-centric and sustainable model in place to make these treatments available to even more patients who need them.” With this acquisition, Chiesi will be able to expand patient access to approved treatments and also advance efforts for the development of new treatments for individuals with rare diseases. Chiesi Group CEO Giuseppe Accogli said: “This acquisition reflects Chiesi Group’s commitment towards patients. ...
- Source: drugdu
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