Search Results for “diagnostic” – Page 38 – media

New Algorithm Detects and Identifies Novel Bacterial Organisms

Hospitals frequently encounter unknown germs, and identifying these pathogens is crucial for efficient bacterial infection treatment. Typically, medical laboratory analysis can identify these pathogens, but standard methods sometimes fall short, especially when dealing with unclassified bacterial species or those difficult to cultivate. Since 2014, a dedicated research team has been collecting and analyzing patient samples containing such elusive germs, leading to the discovery of over 30 new bacteria species, some linked to significant clinical infections. The team at the University of Basel (Basel, Switzerland) examined a total of 61 unidentified bacterial pathogens from various patient blood and tissue samples. These pathogens had previously eluded identification by conventional lab techniques like mass spectroscopy or partial bacterial genome sequencing. The researchers then employed a more recent method to sequence the complete genetic material of these bacteria. By comparing the genomes with known strains using an online tool, they identified 35 previously unknown ...
- Source: drugdu
- 137
- January 22, 2024
Brush Biopsy Test Detects Oral Cancer without Surgery

Oral squamous cell carcinoma, the most common type of oral cancer and globally the ninth most prevalent cancer, currently relies on surgical biopsies for diagnosis. This additional referral step poses the risk of losing patients who may not return for follow-up until the cancer has progressed to advanced, more challenging stages. Additionally, surgical biopsies can be problematic as they often collect a mix of cell types, complicating the analysis, and creating the risk of spreading cancerous cells to other parts of the mouth. General blood tests looking for cancer’s genetic signals also have limitations, as they do not specify the tumor’s location, preventing quick initiation of treatment after detection. Now, a new test that allows dentists to screen for oral squamous cell carcinoma with a simple brush could early detection of oral cancer without surgery. The diagnostic kit, created by researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago (Urbana, IL, USA), ...
- Source: drugdu
- 125
- January 20, 2024
One-Minute COVID-19 Test Adaptable For Detecting Other Viruses with Spike-Like Proteins

Several animals ranging from fireflies to lantern fish have the chemical tools needed to produce light. Such a reaction usually requires the substrate luciferin and the enzyme luciferase. However, a class of less discriminating luciferins, termed as imidazopyrazinone-type (IPT) compounds, has the ability to glow upon coming into contact with other proteins, including ones that are not considered to be enzymes. Previous studies have suggested that IPT luciferins could act as the basis for a new type of medical test that utilizes luminescence to indicate the presence of a target protein in a specimen. Now, a team of researchers has developed a glowing test, based on their belief that an IPT luciferin can react with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, which allows the virus particles to invade cells and cause COVID-19. In their research, the team at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST, Ibaraki, Japan) focused on ...
- Source: drugdu
- 98
- January 20, 2024
Blood Test to Track Gene Expression in the Brain Could Help Prevent Neurological Diseases

Encased within a complex network of specialized blood vessels, the brain remains the body’s most protected organ. This intricate structure, while protective against external threats, poses significant challenges for researchers seeking to understand gene expression dynamics and their link to diseases. Addressing this challenge, scientists have now introduced a noninvasive method to track gene expression in the brain, potentially transforming research in brain development, cognitive function, and neurological disorders. The team of scientists at Rice University (Houston, TX, USA) has developed a groundbreaking class of molecules named released markers of activity (RMAs). These RMAs offer a noninvasive solution to measure gene expression in the brain via a simple blood test. Traditionally, assessing gene expression in the brain has been limited to post-mortem analysis or less sensitive and specific modern neuroimaging techniques. The RMA platform, however, introduces a synthetic gene expression reporter into the brain, which synthesizes a protein capable of ...
- Source: drugdu
- 111
- January 18, 2024
Four-Biomarker Panel Could Enable Early Ovarian Cancer Detection

Ovarian cancer remains a significant cause of mortality globally. While advancements in cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy have improved survival for those with epithelial ovarian cancer, prognosis heavily depends on the stage at diagnosis. Early detection, particularly at stage I, offers a five-year survival rate exceeding 90%. However, this rate drops to around 70% for stage II, where cancer is confined to the pelvis, and declines further for later stages, plummeting to a mere 20% at stage IV. Computational models suggest that detecting ovarian cancer in stages I or II could increase the cure rate by 10-30%. Currently, Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125), a protein found in various cells, including those of ovarian cancer, is the only tumor marker recommended for clinical use in diagnosing and managing ovarian cancer. Now, a new study has shown that a panel of four biomarkers is more sensitive than CA125 alone for early ovarian cancer detection, ...
- Source: drugdu
- 168
- January 18, 2024
Roche exec says more pull incentives are needed to tackle AMR

“Pull incentives such as high cost of therapy and longer exclusivity periods, similar to those granted for orphan drugs, are needed to promote the development of new antimicrobials” says Severin Schwan, chairman of the board of directors of Roche. Schwan was speaking about the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) at the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting taking place from 15–19 January 2024 in Davos, Switzerland. Shyam Bishen, head of the Centre for Health and Healthcare at the World Economic Forum, noted at the same discussion that AMR is the third leading cause of death globally and is forecasted to be responsible for 10 million deaths annually in 2050. Schwan said most companies have left the antimicrobial sector as they perceive that there is no sustainable business model. “The research and development subsidiaries offered by various governments to develop antimicrobials are a waste of money and are not worth it to ...
- Source: drugdu
- 161
- January 18, 2024
Cerebrospinal Fluid Testing of Alzheimer’s Patients to Help Identify Disease Molecular Subtype

Scientists have made a significant discovery by identifying five distinct biological variants of Alzheimer’s disease, each potentially requiring unique therapeutic approaches. This finding suggests that drugs previously tested for Alzheimer’s might have been wrongly deemed ineffective or only slightly beneficial due to these variants being unaccounted for. At the core of Alzheimer’s disease is the accumulation of amyloid and tau proteins in the brain. However, this aggregation is just one aspect of the disease’s complexity. Researchers, including those from Amsterdam UMC (Amsterdam, Netherlands), have employed innovative methods to analyze additional biological processes involved in Alzheimer’s. These processes, which include inflammation and the growth of nerve cells, were studied through the measurement of various biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients exhibiting amyloid and tau accumulations. In their analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid of 419 individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s, the researchers assessed 1,058 proteins and identified five distinct biological subtypes within ...
- Source: drugdu
- 172
- January 17, 2024
Simple DNA test Capable of Identifying 18 Early-Stage Cancers Could Be a Game Changer

Cancer, responsible for one-sixth of all global deaths, presents a formidable challenge, particularly because early detection is crucial for improving survival rates. However, current screening tests often fall short due to factors like invasiveness, cost, and limited accuracy in detecting early-stage diseases. In response to this challenge, researchers have now developed an innovative blood test that can identify 18 types of early-stage cancers across various major organs in the human body. This groundbreaking test from Novelna Inc. (Palo Alto, CA, USA) leverages a gender-specific panel of 10 proteins, providing a significant advancement in the ongoing battle against cancer. The foundation for the test was laid by pioneering research that underscores the potential for a new class of cancer screening tests, promising enhanced accuracy, reduced cost, and a move towards personalized healthcare. In their research, the Novelna team analyzed plasma samples from 440 individuals, encompassing both healthy subjects and those diagnosed ...
- Source: drugdu
- 243
- January 17, 2024
FDA Clears AnX Robotica’s NaviCam SB for Expanded Indications

Mike Hollan The device can produce AI-assisted readings. FDA announced that it has cleared the NaviCam Small Bowel Video Capsule Endoscopy for expanded indications. In a press release, the device’s producer AnX Robotica, revealed the agency’s decision. According to the company, the NaviCam SB is one of the most advanced pieces of technology available for small bowel video capsule endoscopy. The device uses AI to assist medical professionals as they perform tests. FDA also cleared the company’s NaviCam Tether to be used as an accessory with the NaviCam SB. These devices are designed to work together and can improve the visualization process of the esophagus. In a press release, AnX Robotica’s vice president of marketing and product management Stu Wildhorn said, “With FDA clearance, NaviCam Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy represents a groundbreaking leap forward, now extending its revolutionary diagnostic capabilities to patients as young as 2 years old. Furthermore, clinicians ...
- Source: drugdu
- 149
- January 17, 2024
Improve education, health equity to boost cervical cancer screening

Education needs to improve for cervical cancer screening to help drive down cases of a tumor type that kills more than 340,000 people a year. That is a takeaway from a Harris Poll survey of women in the U.S., U.K. and Sweden that identified confusion about screening as a barrier to effective preventative care. BD, which sells a test for the cancer-causing human papillomavirus (HPV), publicized the results of the survey. The poll found most women see cervical cancer screening a key part of their health management, with the percentage ranging from 76% in the U.S. to 86% in Sweden, but their grasp of the specifics can be shaky. Between 55% and 59% of women find the screening guidance confusing. In Sweden, 28% of women say they are knowledgeable about cervical cancer screening options. The figures are higher in the U.S. and U.K., 59% and 62%, respectively, but other responses ...
- Source: drugdu
- 106
- January 17, 2024

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