The likelihood of a favorable outcome for a breast cancer patient is greatly influenced by the stage at which the cancer is diagnosed. Histological examination is the benchmark for diagnosis, but its reliability can be affected by subjective interpretations and the quality of the tissue sample. Inaccuracies in these examinations can lead to incorrect diagnoses. Now, a team of mathematicians has developed a machine learning model that significantly enhances the accuracy of identifying cancer in histological images. The highlight of this model is the incorporation of an additional module that boosts the neural network’s “attention” capability, enabling it to achieve near-perfect accuracy. The mathematicians at RUDN University (Moscow, Russia) conducted tests on several convolutional neural networks and supplemented them with two convolutional attention modules. These modules are crucial for detecting objects within images. The model underwent training and testing using the BreakHis dataset, which comprises nearly 10,000 histological images at ...
Pfizer’s Talzenna (talazoparib) has become the first targeted treatment to be recommended by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) to treat HER2-negative locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer with BRCA1/2 mutations. Patients eligible for the PARP inhibitor will have previously been treated with anthracycline or taxane chemotherapy, or both, unless these treatments are not suitable. Additionally, those with HR-positive breast cancer should have been treated with a prior endocrine-based therapy, or be considered unsuitable for this.NICE’s final draft guidance, which reverses its earlier draft decision not to recommend Talzenna for this patient population, follows Pfizer’s offer of an increased discount of the treatment.The agency estimates that 300 breast cancer patients, who would otherwise be limited to chemotherapy and best supportive care, will benefit from the new recommendation. Stefano Podesta, oncology lead at Pfizer UK, said: “[The] decision is an important milestone for eligible patients with advanced-stage breast ...
In a recent study published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives, researchers examined published studies investigating the genotoxicity of potentially carcinogenic chemicals and their roles in inducing mammary tumors and activating progesterone or estradiol signaling. The researchers aimed to identify chemicals that could present breast cancer risk to humans. Background Recent statistics indicate that breast cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer and the major cause of cancer-related mortality among women across the world. In the United States (U.S.), the lifetime risk of women developing breast cancer is double that of the risk of developing lung cancer. Furthermore, the incidence of breast cancer among younger women is increasing, with mortality rates due to breast cancer among women between the ages of 20 and 49 years being double that of other forms of cancers affecting individuals of both sexes. A nine-year assessment since 2010 also indicates that the diagnostic rate ...
Recently, a phase II, non-randomized study of brain radiotherapy combined with pyrrolitinib and capecitabine for the treatment of brain metastasis in HER2-positive breast cancer (BROPTIMA study) was published online in JAMA Oncology, an authoritative international oncology journal (IF: 28.4). Prof. Guo Xiaomao and Prof. Yu Xiaoli of the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Fudan University are the co-corresponding authors of this article, and Prof. Yang Zhaozhi and Prof. Meng Jin are the co-authors. The results of this study showed that the one-year central nervous system-progression-free survival (CNS-PFS) rate for combination therapy reached 74.9%, with a median CNS-PFS of up to 18 months and a central nervous system-objective remission rate (CNS-ORR) of 85%. In terms of safety, with a median follow-up of 17.3 months, the neurological status of most patients remained stable. This is the first prospective clinical study exploring pyrrolitinib in combination with brain radiotherapy for the treatment of patients with ...
Recently, the Chinese Breast Cancer Society Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines (2024 Edition) (hereinafter referred to as the CBCS Guidelines) has been updated and released. As one of the most important and authoritative Chinese diagnosis and treatment norms in the field of breast cancer, the CBCS Guidelines follow the international pace and cutting-edge progress, and comprehensively summarize and elaborate on breast cancer screening, examination, diagnosis and treatment, and reporting. In this guideline recommendation, two new indications for Hengrui Pharmaceuticals’ innovative drugs have been added, which are the first-line treatment regimen of piretinib combination for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer, and the first- and second-line treatment regimen of dalsirib for HR-positive HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Thus, both innovative drugs have been recommended by the 2024 CBCS guidelines for the marketed breast cancer indications. Breast cancer has become the number one malignant tumor worldwide and is one of the most common ...
Recently, the “Pyrotinib Combined with Docetaxel as First-Line Treatment for HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: An Open, Multicenter Phase II Clinical Study (PANDORA)” led by Professor Wang Xiaojia from the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital) was officially published in the internationally renowned journal “Nature Communications,” a sub-journal of ‘Nature’ (Impact Factor: 16.6). The research results indicate that the combination therapy of pyrotinib and docetaxel demonstrates excellent anti-tumor activity and brings about progression-free survival (PFS) benefits. Research Background: Dual-targeted therapy with trastuzumab combined with taxanes has established the first-line standard treatment for HER2-positive advanced breast cancer [Progression-Free Survival (PFS): 18.7m vs. 12.4m, P<0.001; 8-year Overall Survival (OS) rate: 37% vs. 23%, P<0.001]. However, the inclusion of trastuzumab in the Cleopatra study in a population with prior trastuzumab (referred to as “H”) treatment was only 11%, and it may no longer fully guide current ...
Roche has shared positive results from a late-stage study of its investigational therapy, inavolisib, as part of a combination treatment for advanced breast cancer. The phase 3 INAVO120 trial has been evaluating the targeted drug alongside Pfizer’s CDK4/6 inhibitor Ibrance (palbociclib) and fulvestrant as a potential first-line treatment option for patients with PIK3CA-mutated, hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative, endocrine-resistant, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. The study met its primary endpoint, demonstrating a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in progression-free survival compared to palbociclib and fulvestrant alone. A “clear positive trend” towards improved survival was also observed for the inavolisib combination, Roche said, although overall survival data was immature at the time of the analysis and will continue to be analysed. Breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide, with more than 290,000 people in the US expected to be diagnosed with the disease in 2023. HR-positive breast cancer is ...
TAIPEI, Nov. 22, 2023 /PRNewswire/ — EirGenix Inc. (6589. TT) announced today that its trastuzumab biosimilar medicine (EG12014) which their commercial partner Sandoz plans to commercialise (150 mg, for intravenous use) had received a marketing authorization from the European Commission (EC). The marketing authorization in the EU will cover the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2-positive) breast cancer and metastatic gastric cancers, which are the same indications approved by the EC for the reference biologic, Herceptin®. Sandoz AG and EirGenix signed a license agreement in April 2019. Under this agreement, EirGenix Inc. will remain responsible for the development and manufacturing of trastuzumab while Sandoz will hold the rights to commercialize the medicine upon approval in the global market (excluding Taiwan, China, Russia, and some Asian countries). Breast and gastric cancers are among the most frequently occurring in Europe, and combined, are responsible for nearly 200,000 deaths ...
By Tyler Patchen Pictured: AstraZeneca office in Gothenburg, Sweden AstraZeneca announced Friday that its adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-competitive inhibitor Truqap (capivasertib), in combination with its endocrine therapy Faslodex (fulvestrant), has been approved by the FDA to treat adults with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. According to AstraZeneca, the first-in-class inhibitor of all three AKT isoforms (AKT1/2/3) “has potential to reshape treatment for breast cancer patients” with specific biomarker alterations (PIK3CA, AKT1 or PTEN). The company also announced that the FDA has approved a “companion” diagnostic test meant to detect the “relevant” alterations. The FDA approval was based on the CAPItello-291 Phase III trial, which showed that the combination of Faslodex and Truqap reduced the risk of disease progression or death by 50%, compared to Faslodex alone, in patients with tumors having PI3K/AKT pathway biomarker alterations. “The combination of capivasertib and fulvestrant, a first-of-its-kind combination, provides a much-needed ...
AstraZeneca’s (AZ) AKT inhibitor Truqap (capivasertib) in combination with its endocrine therapy Faslodex (fulvestrant) has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat a subset of advanced breast cancer patients. The FDA’s decision specifically applies to adults with HR-positive, HER2-negative locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer with at least one of three biomarker alterations: PIK3CA, AKT1 or PTEN. The US regulator has also approved the use of a companion diagnostic test to detect the relevant alterations. Eligible patients will have progressed on at least one endocrine-based regimen in the metastatic setting or experienced recurrence on or within 12 months of completing adjuvant therapy. Breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide and more than 290,000 people in the US are expected to be diagnosed with breast cancer in 2023. HR-positive breast cancer is the most common subtype, with over 65% of tumours considered HR-positive and HER2-low ...
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