Exosomes, tiny cellular bioparticles carrying a specific set of proteins, lipids, and genetic materials, play a crucial role in cell communication and hold promise for non-invasive diagnostics. Traditionally, exosomes are isolated through ultrasound centrifugation, a process that requires eight hours or more, requires large sample volumes, and often harms the integrity of these delicate structures. Alternative methods also present challenges, including low purity and yield. Now, researchers have devised a diagnostic technique that employs sound waves to spin a single water droplet at speeds reaching 6,000 revolutions per minute, thereby facilitating the separation of tiny biological particles for exosome-based diagnostics. This novel approach involves a lightweight disk atop the spinning droplet and featuring etched channels that incorporate star-shaped nanoparticles designed for the label-free identification of exosomes. This method surpasses traditional techniques in efficiency, requiring less time and smaller sample volumes, and minimizes damage to the exosomes. It represents a significant ...
The phase 1/2 Mobilize trial is evaluating the safety and efficacy of mRNA-4359 Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (ICHT) and Imperial College London (ICL) have announced that the first UK patients have received the experimental mRNA therapy in an ongoing phase 1/2 clinical trial to treat melanoma, lung cancer and other solid tumour cancers. The patients received the treatment at the National Institute for Health and Care Research’s Imperial Clinical Research facility at Hammersmith Hospital. In the UK, around one in two people will be diagnosed with cancer in their lifetime. While a range of therapies, including chemotherapy and immune therapies, have been successful, some cancer cells can become resistant to drugs, making tumours more challenging to treat. Sponsored by Moderna and undertaken through the Moderna-UK strategic partnership, the global Mobilize trial is evaluating the safety and efficacy of an immunotherapy known as mRNA-4359, as well as its ability to ...
In the study, the Lymphoma Artificial Reader System accurately detected 90% of lymphatic cancersResearchers from Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden have developed a new computer model using artificial intelligence (AI), which successfully identifies signs of lymphatic cancer. The model was developed in collaboration with researchers from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Chalmers University of Technology, Medical University in Vienna, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and NYU Langone Health, with results published in The Lancet Digital Health. Lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphatic system, including the lymph nodes, spleen, thymus gland and bone marrow, and can affect other organs throughout the body. The two main subtypes of lymphoma are Hodgkin’s lymphoma and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, which is the sixth most common cancer in the UK, responsible for around 14,200 cases every year, according to Cancer Research UK. Using AI-assisted image analysis of lymphoma, researchers developed a deep learning ...
Globally, cancer is currently the most leading cause of death due to disease among children The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) has announced it has been selected to receive a Cancer Grand Challenges (CGC) award of up to $25m to research the challenges of solid tumours in children. First launched in 2020 by Cancer Research UK (CRUK) and the National Cancer Institute (NCI), CGC now brings together 1,200 researchers and 16 teams worldwide to take on 13 of “cancer’s toughest challenges”. Currently the leading cause of death due to disease among children globally, most outcomes for some childhood cancers have not improved in more than three decades. The CGC team PROTECT aims to explore new, less invasive and more targeted treatments for children living with cancers. For the next five years, the PROTECT team, involving experts from the ICR and the Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg in Germany, will use ...
TransThera, a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company dedicated to innovating differentiated drugs globally, today announced that the randomized, controlled, global multicenter Phase 3 trial (FIRST-308) of tinengotinib versus physician’s choice to evaluate the efficacy and safety in subjects with FGFR-altered, chemotherapy- and FGFR Inhibitor-refractory/relapsed cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), has been authorized by regulatory agencies in the European Union (EU) after the authorizations from US, South Korea and Taiwan region. Furthermore, European Medicines Agency (EMA) granted the Orphan Drug Designation(ODD) for tinengotinib for the treatment of biliary tract cancer (BTC) . Tinengotinib, a next-generation FGFR inhibitor with high potency against a variety of FGFR2 kinase domain mutations, has shown promising clinical benefit in subjects with FGFR-altered metastatic CCA who were heavily pretreated with chemotherapy and refractory/relapsed to FGFRi(s). The results of tinengotinib in CCA from the phase I/II clinical trials were presented orally at 2023 ESMO and 2024 ASCO GI conferences. The FRIST-308 clinical trial ...
Ascentage Pharma (6855.HK), a global biopharmaceutical company engaged in developing novel therapies for cancer, age-related diseases, and chronic hepatitis B (CHB), announced today that the latest results from three preclinical studies of the company’s novel drug candidates olverembatinib, MDM2-p53 inhibitor alrizomadlin, FAK/ALK/ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor APG-2449, and EED inhibitor APG-5918, have been selected for presentations at the 2024 American Association of Cancer Research Annual Meeting (AACR 2024). These abstracts are now available on the AACR’s official website. The AACR annual meeting is one of the world’s largest and longest-standing scientific gatherings in the field of cancer research. Covering some of the most cutting-edge advances in all the areas of oncology research and innovation, the annual event attracts tremendous interest from the global cancer research community. This year’s AACR annual meeting will be held from April 5-10 2024, in San Diego, California, USA. These three preclinical abstracts from Ascentage Pharma include: ...
Researchers from Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center and the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine have developed an algorithm to identify high-risk precancerous lesions that lead to ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). Published in Clinical Cancer Research, researchers aimed to develop a tool that could detect and stratify serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas (STICs) based on key genetic alterations and mutations. STICs are lesions that are presumed to be the main precursors of HGSC, the most common form of ovarian cancer in women. Using a technique called Repetitive Element AneupLoidy Sequencing System (RealSeqS), researchers sequenced 150 DNA samples and analysed the level of aneuploidy, missing or extra DNA chromosomes, in STIC versus HGSC and normal-appearing samples. Results showed that STIC samples had more non-random genetic alterations, including whole and partial deletions of chromosome 17 in the tumour suppressor p53 proteins, while normal-appearing samples had low levels of aneuploidy. The team suggests ...
Ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the predominant form of ovarian cancer affecting women. Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas (STICs), which are precancerous lesions on the fallopian tubes, are considered the main precursors of HGSC. Women undergoing salpingectomy, the surgical removal of fallopian tubes, often do so without a detailed examination of these precancerous lesions. The challenge lies in the molecular diversity of STICs and the difficulty in detecting aggressive forms early, owing to their small size. In response to this urgent diagnostic need, researchers have developed an algorithm to identify STICs before they can progress to cancer. This pioneering algorithm, named “REAL-FAST” (RealSeqS-based algorithm for fallopian tube aneuploidy pattern in STIC), was developed by a team at Johns Hopkins Medicine (Baltimore, MD, USA). In a pilot study, REAL-FAST distinguished five unique types of precancerous lesions in fallopian tubes, with two identified as particularly aggressive and often linked to recurrent HGSC. ...
Gilead Sciences’ partnership with Merus could yield novel antibody drugs capable of binding to three targets simultaneously. The alliance follows a collaboration that Gilead started last year with Tentarix Biotherapeutics, a startup also developing antibodies that bind to multiple targets. By FRANK VINLUAN Bispecific antibody drugs have shown that binding to two targets simultaneously can be a powerful and effective way to treat cancer. Binding to three targets could be even better, and Gilead Sciences is turning to biotech company Merus to find out. Under the collaboration agreement announced Wednesday, Gilead is paying Merus $56 million up front and making a $25 million equity investment in the biotech. Netherlands-based Merus focuses on developing antibody therapies that bind to two or three targets at the same time. This capability could block multiple receptors that drive tumor growth and survival. It could also coax a patient’s immune cells to kill tumors. So ...
Oral cancer comprises about 90% of head and neck cancer (HNC), which ranks as the seventh most common type of malignancy globally. HNC constitutes roughly 5% of all cancer cases worldwide, with approximately 640,000 new cases annually, leading to around 350,000 deaths. Its incidence is particularly increasing in developing countries. These cancers predominantly affect socioeconomically disadvantaged populations and underserved communities. Diagnosing oral cancers and precancerous mouth lesions early and accurately presents significant challenges. Traditional biopsy methods are not only expensive and invasive, causing stress and potential complications for patients, but also unfeasible for repeated screenings of the same lesion. Now, researchers have developed a noninvasive, affordable test for detecting oral cancer, monitoring precancerous lesions, and determining the need for a biopsy. The findings of the study by a team of researchers, led by Case Western Reserve University (Cleveland, OH, USA), are based on a novel scoring system that assesses the ...
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